Rabies Vaccination

About the Rabies Vaccination

Rabies is a viral zoonotic disease that, once clinical symptoms develop, is almost invariably fatal. The virus is transmitted through the saliva of an infected animal — most commonly through a bite, scratch, or lick to broken skin. Dogs are responsible for the majority of human cases globally, though bats, monkeys, foxes, and other mammals can also transmit the virus. Over 59,000 people die from rabies each year, predominantly in Africa and Asia.

Pre-exposure vaccination does not provide complete protection against rabies but critically alters the post-exposure treatment required. Vaccinated individuals who are bitten or scratched still require prompt post-exposure treatment, but the urgency is reduced and they do not require rabies immunoglobulin — which is expensive, scarce, and often unavailable in the countries where rabies is most prevalent.

Who should have this vaccination?

• Travellers to rabies-endemic countries, particularly those visiting rural areas, trekking, cycling, or engaging in activities with increased animal contact
• Backpackers and long-term travellers where access to post-exposure treatment may be limited or delayed
• Veterinarians, animal handlers, and wildlife workers
• Bat handlers and cave explorers
• Children travelling to endemic areas — children are at increased risk due to closer contact with animals and may not report bites promptly
• Those spending more than one month in rabies-endemic regions

Vaccination schedule

The pre-exposure rabies vaccination course consists of three doses, administered on days 0, 7, and 21 or 28. All three doses should be completed before potential exposure. Boosters are recommended for those with ongoing risk, with the timing determined by antibody titres for laboratory and veterinary workers, or after two to five years for travellers. Our clinical team will advise on the appropriate schedule and whether boosters are indicated based on your travel plans and risk profile.