Diphtheria Vaccination

About the Diphtheria Vaccination

Diphtheria is a serious bacterial infection caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, primarily affecting the upper respiratory tract. The bacteria produce a powerful toxin that can spread through the bloodstream to damage the heart muscle, nervous system, and kidneys. In severe cases it causes a thick membrane to form in the throat, potentially leading to airway obstruction and death. Before widespread vaccination, diphtheria was a leading cause of childhood mortality in the UK.

Though rare in countries with high vaccination coverage, diphtheria remains a real risk in parts of Asia, Eastern Europe, and Africa. It is most commonly administered as a combined vaccine alongside tetanus and polio (Td/IPV) and forms part of the UK childhood immunisation schedule. Adults who have not received a booster within the last ten years may have reduced protection.

Who should have this vaccination?

• Travellers to countries where diphtheria is endemic or where vaccination coverage is low
• Adults who have not had a booster in the past ten years
• Individuals with incomplete or unknown childhood vaccination records
• Healthcare workers and those in contact with vulnerable populations
• Those travelling to areas with limited or disrupted healthcare infrastructure

Vaccination schedule

The diphtheria vaccine is administered as a combined Td/IPV injection (tetanus, diphtheria, and polio). Individuals who completed a full childhood primary course of five doses require a single booster dose. Those with an incomplete or unknown vaccination history may require a three-dose primary course at one-month intervals. Our clinical team will review your vaccination records at the appointment and recommend the appropriate regimen.